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==Welcome!==
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<templatestyles src="Template:Main_page/styles.css"/>
  
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This is a general source of information about the '''Internet Computer (IC)''', the world's fastest and most powerful blockchain network<ref>https://medium.com/dfinity/the-internet-computers-transaction-speed-and-finality-outpace-other-l1-blockchains-8e7d25e4b2ef</ref>. Created for and by the IC community, topics vary from cryptography, network governance, user experience, tokenomics, developer tutorials and more.
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<div>
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<div>
  
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==Introduction to the Internet Computer==
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</div>
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The Internet Computer is a general-purpose blockchain that hosts [[canister smart contract]]s. It is designed to [[Replace traditional IT with a World Computer|provide a World Computer that can replace traditional IT]] and host a new generation of [[Web3:_The_bull_case_for_the_Internet_Computer|Web3]] services and applications that run solely from the blockchain, without the need for traditional IT. It can also play the role of Web3 orchestrator, by interacting with traditional blockchains.
 
  
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It has a completely unique design that reflects a ground-up rethink of blockchain architecture and the application of modern cryptography, [https://web.archive.org/web/20150914013643/http://dfinity.io/ which can be traced back to 2015]. It was built by the largest [https://dfinity.org/team ongoing R&D effort in crypto], which has employed many notable cryptographers, computer science researchers and engineers. The blockchain underwent genesis in May 2021 and became part of the public internet.
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==Introduction to Internet Computer Protocol (ICP) Blockchain==
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<!-- [[File:IC_logo_vertical_white.png| frame | 320px|ICP Logo|alt=|border|right]] -->
  
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The Internet Computer blockchain's protocols leverage novel [[chain key cryptography]] to combine multiple [[Limitless_Scaling#Subnet Architecture|subnet blockchains]] into a single blockchain. This allows it to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability#Horizontal_(scale_out)_and_vertical_scaling_(scale_up) horizontally scale] the total volume of hosted [[canister smart contract]], and their computations and data, without limit. These smart contracts run at web speed, and with web-levels of efficiency, and uniquely, thanks to the blockchain architecture enabled by chain key crypto, can process HTTP requests and directly and securely serve interactive web experiences to the end-users of web3 services, without need for trusted intermediaries (whereas on other blockchains, the web experience users interact with is generally built on centralized, insecure and trusted servers or cloud computing services).
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The [[Introduction_to_ICP | Internet Computer]] is a general-purpose blockchain that hosts canister smart contracts. It is designed to provide a World Computer that can replace traditional IT and host a new generation of Web 3.0 services and applications that run solely from the blockchain, without the need for traditional IT. It can also play the role of Web 3.0 orchestrator, by interacting with other blockchains.
  
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Through these kinds of unique capabilities, the Internet Computer provides a platform that can be used to build mass market web3 services that run 100% on-chain, without any need for traditional IT, such as web servers and databases running on cloud computing services. The longer-term objective is that the Internet Computer will completely replace traditional IT, creating a ''blockchain singularity'', in which everything runs fully on-chain in powerful new forms where it is unstoppable and cannot be hacked.
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It has a completely unique design that reflects a ground-up rethink of blockchain architecture and the application of modern cryptography, [https://web.archive.org/web/20150914013643/http://dfinity.io/ which can be traced back to 2015]. It was built by the largest [https://dfinity.org/team ongoing R&D effort in crypto], which has employed many notable cryptographers, computer science researchers and engineers. The blockchain underwent genesis in May 2021 and became part of the public internet.  
  
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The development of the Internet Computer has heralded numerous notable technological developments, such as [[chain key cryptography]] and programming languages such as [https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Motoko Motoko]. In another notable advance, the Internet Computer hosts an advanced [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralized_autonomous_organization DAO] within its protocols, called the [[Network Nervous System]], which provides the community with direct control over network governance, and can upgrade the protocol running on its network nodes, without requiring the network to fork. The network's utility token is ICP (see [[Roles of the ICP utility token]]).
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See more at [[Introduction to ICP]].
  
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A recent new technological advance has extended the Internet Computer's [[chain key cryptography]] protocols. This has enabled smart contracts hosted on the Internet Computer to directly interact with other blockchains, without need for dangerous centrally-controlled bridges or wrapping (see [[trustless multi-chain web3 using the IC]], and [[Extend Bitcoin, Ethereum and other blockchains|extending Bitcoin, Ethereum and other blockchains]]).
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    <div style="clear: both;"></div>
  
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For example, a canister smart contract hosted on the Internet Computer can create bitcoin addresses, and directly send and receive bitcoins on the Bitcoin ledger as though it were hosted by the Bitcoin network itself. This is possible because chain key crypto enables blockchains to create public "chain keys", for which their nodes can create corresponding signatures. Recent work has now made it possible to create ECDSA chain keys. Since [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_Curve_Digital_Signature_Algorithm ECDSA] is the signature scheme used by most other blockchains, this means the Internet Computer can create TX on other blockchains.
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==Main Sections ==
  
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Future work will enable its smart contracts to directly interact with other important blockchains such as [https://ethereum.org/en/ Ethereum]. This also leverages other important features such as [[HTTPS outcalls]]. As a consequence, many believe that the Internet Computer will play the role of an orchestration layer that combines different blockchains in the web3 environment, and helps combine them with off-chain services and systems, such as Web 2.0 services and enterprise systems, in a trustless way.
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    <!-- Row #1 -->
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    <div id="audiences" class="mainpage_row">
  
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===Popular places to start===
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              <!-- Item #1 -->
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* '''The Internet Computer project website (hosted on the IC): [https://internetcomputer.org/ internetcomputer.org]'''
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              <div class="mainpage_box overview" id="overview">
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* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfM3I8pudFs&t=327s Internet Computer overview video from 2022 IC hackathon]
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                <h3>
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* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfM3I8pudFs June 2022 IC hackathon, full launch video]
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                    <!-- <span class="header_icon" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation">[[File:OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg|20px|middle|link=]]</span> -->
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* [https://internetcomputer.org/icig.pdf Internet Computer Infographic (PDF)]
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                    <span>'''Overview''': ICP Blockchain and ICP Ecosystem</span>
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* [[Glossary]]
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                </h3>
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                <div id="mainpage-users" title="Users" class="items">
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* [[Introduction to ICP]] blockchain
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* [[Popular Explainers of ICP |Popular explainers of ICP]] blockchain
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* [https://internetcomputer.org internetcomputer.org website]
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* [https://dashboard.internetcomputer.org ICP Network Dashboard]
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* [[Web3: The bull case for the Internet Computer]]
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* [[ICP Ecosystem Stats |ICP ecosystem stats]]
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* [[ICP Community |ICP community]]
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* [[ICP Tokenomics |ICP tokenomics]]
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                </div>
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            </div>
 +
               
 +
        <!-- Item #2 -->
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        <div class="mainpage_box users">
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            <h3 class="mainpage_box_header_users">
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                <!-- <span class="header_icon" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation">[[File:OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg|20px|middle|link=]]</span> -->
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                <span>'''For Users''': Getting Started with ICP</span>
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            </h3>
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            <div id="mainpage-users" title="Users" class="items">
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* Aquire an [[Internet Identity]] (not necessary, but highly recommended)
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* [[Tutorials for acquiring, managing, and staking ICP |Managing and staking ICP tokens]]
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* [https://internetcomputer.org/ecosystem/ Examples of ICP smart contracts and dapps]
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* [https://support.dfinity.org/ DFINITY support center]
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            </div>
 +
        </div>
  
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===For a general audience===
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        <!-- Item #3 -->
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* [[Internet Computer overview]]
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        <div class="mainpage_box developers">
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* [[Internet Computer vision]]
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            <h3>
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* [https://internetcomputer.org/roadmap/ Internet Computer roadmap]
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                <!-- <span class="header_icon" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation">[[File:OOjs UI icon chem.svg|20px|middle|link=]]</span> -->
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                <span>'''For Developers''': Building ICP Smart Contracts</span>
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            </h3>
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            <div id="mainpage-devs" title="Developers" class="items">
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* [https://internetcomputer.org/docs/current/home Developer Documentation]
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* [https://forum.dfinity.org/t/announcing-technical-working-groups/11781 Technical working groups]
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* Launching an [[Service Nervous System (SNS) |SNS]] DAO
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* Smart contracts with [[Bitcoin integration]]
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* [[The Internet Computer for Ethereum Developers |ICP for Ethereum developers]]
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* [https://forum.dfinity.org/ Developer forum] for ICP developers.
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            </div>
 +
        </div>
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        </div>
  
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===For a more technical audience===
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    <!-- Row #2 -->
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* [https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/087 "Internet Computer for Geeks" paper]
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    <div id="misc-news" class="mainpage_row nodes">
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        <div class="mainpage_box">
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            <h3>
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                <!-- <span class="header_icon" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation">[[File:OOjs UI icon ongoingConversation-rtl.svg|20px|middle|link=]]</span> -->
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                <span>'''For Node Providers''': Joining ICP Network</span>
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            </h3>
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            <div id="mainpage-help-contribute" title="Support and Contributing" class="items">
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*[[Node Provider Documentation]]
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*[[Node Provider Roadmap]]
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*[[Node Provider Troubleshooting]]
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* Status of the network on [https://dashboard.internetcomputer.org ICP Dashboard]
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* [[Node Provider Matrix channel|IC Node Provider Matrix channel]]
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* ICP is a [[Sovereign Network]] using [[Deterministic Decentralization]] with [[Proof of Useful Work]] consensus
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            </div>
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        </div>
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        <div class="mainpage_box community">
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            <h3>
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                <!-- <span class="header_icon" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation">[[File:OOjs UI icon ongoingConversation-rtl.svg|20px|middle|link=]]</span> -->
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                <span>'''For ICP Community''': Participating in ICP</span>
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            </h3>
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            <div id="mainpage-help-contribute" title="Support and Contributing" class=" items">
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* [[Governance of the Internet Computer |ICP governance]]
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* [[Contributing to the wiki]]
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            </div>
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        </div>
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        <div class="mainpage_box researchers">
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            <h3>
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                <!-- <span class="header_icon" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation">[[File:OOjs UI icon ongoingConversation-rtl.svg|20px|middle|link=]]</span> -->
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                <span>'''For ICP Researchers''': Deep Dive into ICP</span>
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            </h3>
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            <div id="mainpage-researchers" title="Deep Dive into ICP" class=" items">
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* [https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/087 "Internet Computer for Geeks" white paper]
 
* [[IC architecture overview]]
 
* [[IC architecture overview]]
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* The [https://internetcomputer.org/howitworks "How it works" series] with videos and in-depth articles on various topics.
 
 
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/dfinity/comments/ozboyi/megathread_technical_amas/ Technical AMAs on Reddit by different IC and DFINITY teams]
 
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/dfinity/comments/ozboyi/megathread_technical_amas/ Technical AMAs on Reddit by different IC and DFINITY teams]
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            </div>
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        </div>
  
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== Internet Identity Introduction ==
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    </div>
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One of the core benefits of building on the Internet Computer is that end users do not need to pay fees or use tokens to access and use dapps. As an alternative to authenticating from a wallet, users can authenticate with an Internet Identity. Learn more information about Internet Identity (II), a blockchain authentication framework supported by the Internet Computer:
 
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* [[What is Internet Identity]]
 
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* [[How to create an Internet Identity]]
 
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* [[Internet Identity technical overview]]
 
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* [https://identity.ic0.app/ Internet Identity dapp]
 
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==IC for Dapp Users ==
 
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If you use or are interested in using dapps on the Internet Computer, this section will help you understand the user experience benefits of the IC, how to use Internet Identity, or find more IC dapps.
 
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Examples:
 
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* [[Introduction to the Internet Computer for dapp users]]
 
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* [[Index of dapps on the Internet Computer]]
 
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See more in [[Internet Computer for dapp users]]
 
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== IC for ICP Token-holders, Stakers, and Neuron Holders==
 
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The Internet Computer is governed by on-chain governance system called the Network Nervous System (NNS). To participate on governance, users need to stake ICP tokens. This section will explain how the NNS works, ICP tokens, staking, and options for managing one's ICP.
 
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Examples:
 
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* [[ICP token]]
 
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* [[Tutorials for acquiring, managing, and staking ICP]]
 
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* [[Staking, voting and rewards]]
 
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* [[Governance of the Internet Computer]]
 
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* [[Network Nervous System]]
 
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* [[Total supply, circulating supply, and staked_ICP]]
 
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* [[NNS neuron operations related to maturity]]
 
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* [[Roll-over of NNS voting rewards]]
 
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See more in [[Internet_Computer_token-holders,_investors_and_neuron_holders|Internet Computer token-holders, investors, and neuron holders]].
 
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== IC for Smart Contract and Dapp Developers ==
 
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The Internet Computer (IC) is a new platform for executing smart contracts. This section contains information for developers, including links to documentation, developer forums, and relevant dashboards.
 
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Examples:
 
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* [[Canisters (dapps/smart contracts)]]
 
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* [https://smartcontracts.org/ Developer documentation on smartcontract.org]
 
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* [https://forum.dfinity.org/ IC community developer forum]
 
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<!--* [[Index of libraries for Internet Computer development]]-->
 
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<!--* [[Best practices for a high traffic dapp launch]]-->
 
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* [[Bitcoin integration]]
 
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* [[SNS Tokenization Considerations]]
 
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* [[Web Speed]]
 
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* [[Web Serving]]
 
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* [[Limitless Scaling]]
 
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* [[Users interact with dapps without tokens]]
 
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* [[Parallelism]]
 
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* [[Error Codes returned by Internet Computer]]
 
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If you've been programming smart contracts on Ethereum before, you should read [[The Internet Computer for Ethereum Developers]].
 
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See more in [[Internet Computer for smart contract and dapp developers]].
 
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== IC for the Curious, Researchers and Blockchain Enthusiasts ==
 
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This section is for those interested in how the Internet Computer works under the hood. It touches many different subject areas from cryptography, consensus protocols, virtual machines, operating systems, networking, distributed systems, etc.
 
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Examples:
 
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* [https://internetcomputer.org/howitworks/ How the Internet Computer Works]
 
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* [https://dashboard.internetcomputer.org/ Internet Computer dashboard]
 
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* [[Internet Computer performance]]
 
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* [[DFINITY Foundation]]
 
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* [[Bitcoin integration]]
 
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* [[Third-party security audits]]
 
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* [[Networking]]
 
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* [[Replicated state structure]]
 
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* [[New Subnet Creation]]
 
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* [[Catch-Up Package]]
 
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* [[Summary Block]]
 
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* [[ICP technical design documents]]
 
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* [[Boundary Nodes]]
 
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== For Node Providers ==
 
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Node providers invest in and operate the node hardware which powers the Internet Computer. Running these nodes in data centers provides the high performance and the cost-effectiveness of the Internet Computer. Every node provider is allowed a limited amount of nodes.
 
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* [[Node Provider Onboarding]]
 
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* [[Node Provider Remuneration]]
 
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* [[Node Provider Self-declaration]]
 
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* Gen-1 Documentation:
 
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** [[IC OS Installation Runbook - Dell Poweredge]]
 
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** [[IC OS Installation Runbook - Supermicro]]
 
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** [[Storage Runbook]]
 
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* Gen-2 Documentation (new node providers start here)
 
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** [[Gen-2 Network Requirements]]
 
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** [[Gen-2 Data Center runbook|Example Gen-2 Data Center runbook]]
 
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** [[IC OS Installation Runbook]]
 
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* [[Node Provider Troubleshooting]]
 
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** [[Possible Node Onboarding Errors]]
 
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** [[Unhealthy Nodes]]
 
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** [[Updating Firmware]]
 
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** [[iDRAC access and TSR logs]]
 
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== Technical Working Groups ==
 
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* [[Identity & Authentication]]
 
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* [[Developer Tooling]]
 
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* [[Ledger & Tokenization]]
 
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* [[Scalability & Performance]]
 
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* [[Education]]
 
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* [[Governance]]
 
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* [[Blockchain Integrations]]
 
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== FAQs, Tutorials, and How-tos==
 
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Tutorials are guided introductions to user stories, intended for first-time users and characterized by a shallow learning curve. How-Tos are step-by-step instructions for specific, narrow goals.
 
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===FAQs===
 
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* [[FAQ]]
 
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===Best Practices===
 
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Example:
 
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* [[Managing ICP holdings]]
 
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* [[Managing Internet Identity]]
 
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* [[Maximizing Voting and NNS Rewards]]
 
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See more in [[Best Practices]]
 
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=== Tutorials ===
 
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Example:
 
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* [[Tutorials for acquiring, managing, and staking ICP]]
 
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* [[How-To: Claim neurons for seed participants]]
 
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* [[How-To: Create an NNS motion proposal]]
 
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* [[How-To: Set your neuron to follow another neuron]]
 
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* [[How-To: Updating neuron following via quill]]
 
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* [[How-To: Join the Community fund via quill]]
 
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* [[How-To: SNS tokenomics configuration]]
 
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* [[How-To: SNS swap participation via quill]]
 
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* [[How-to: Analyze an SNS after launch]]
 
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See more in [[How-Tos]].
 
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==Contributing to the Wiki==
 
  
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=== How to contribute ===
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<div style="background-color: #ffd700; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
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Anyone can read the wiki. You can also edit pages, all you need to do is [https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Special:CreateAccount create an account]. See more in [[Contributing to the wiki]].
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  <strong>Want to contribute to the IC Wiki? See [[Contributing_to_the_wiki |here]] </strong>
 +
</div>
  
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==See Also==
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</div>
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* '''The Internet Computer project website (hosted on the IC): [https://internetcomputer.org/ internetcomputer.org]'''
 

Latest revision as of 12:06, 7 November 2024

Introduction to Internet Computer Protocol (ICP) Blockchain

The Internet Computer is a general-purpose blockchain that hosts canister smart contracts. It is designed to provide a World Computer that can replace traditional IT and host a new generation of Web 3.0 services and applications that run solely from the blockchain, without the need for traditional IT. It can also play the role of Web 3.0 orchestrator, by interacting with other blockchains.

It has a completely unique design that reflects a ground-up rethink of blockchain architecture and the application of modern cryptography, which can be traced back to 2015. It was built by the largest ongoing R&D effort in crypto, which has employed many notable cryptographers, computer science researchers and engineers. The blockchain underwent genesis in May 2021 and became part of the public internet.

See more at Introduction to ICP.

Main Sections

For Users: Getting Started with ICP

For Developers: Building ICP Smart Contracts 

  Want to contribute to the IC Wiki? See here
Retrieved from "https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=7975"