L1 comparison

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To get a view of the top performers in the blockchain industry, it's useful to compare across common metrics. Here we build a table that does such a comparison. All data correct as of December 2022.

Metrics explanations and references are given below.

L1 Comparisons
Metrics / L1 ICP ADA AVAX ALGO ETH NEAR SOL
Average TPS 9’720 2.37 49.52 15.5 11.1 6 286
Finality 1-2secs 5-10mins 2.3secs 3.5secs 15mins 2.4secs 5-12.8secs
Tx Cost 0.0004 0.33 0.01 0.0003 0.57 0.0002 0.00025
Fixed tx cost Yes no no no no no no
Energy Consumption 0.008 51.59 4.76 2.7 0.166
On-Chain Storage $5 (3.95T cycles x 1XDR) $17,035 - $113,507 (53,236 – 354708ADA) $206,875 (15,62 5AVAX) 15,494,409 (12,643.75 ETH) 48,625 (3,477.69 SOL)
Nodes / Validators 549 1050 1195 1530 798 1872
Nakamoto coefficient 22
repos, DAOs, dapps, tokens full web3 nft & defi y y
Safety threshold 51%
Burnt fees 443ICP 2,047,382.09AVAX
Max stack size 4 GiB 4 MB 32 KiB 256 KiB
Max persisted memory 52 GiB 1 MB 2^261 B (however, 15,494,409$ per GiB) 32 KiB

Metrics

  • TPS measures the transactions processed per second - note that the interval over which these are measured does vary across chains.
  • Finality refers to the average amount of time that passes between the proposal of a new valid block containing transactions until the block has been finalized and its content is guaranteed to not be reversed or modified (for some blockchains, e.g., Bitcoin, this guarantee can only be probabilistic).
  • Tx Cost measures the cost of a transaction
  • Energy Consumption measures the energy consumption
  • On-Chain Storage measures the cost of storing data on-chain
  • Nodes/Validators measures the number of nodes
  • Nakamoto Coefficient is the count of malicious nodes needed to collude to prevent a blockchain from functioning properly
  • Market Cap is the price of the coin times the number of coins
  • Price denotes the dollar price of the coin
  • Circulating Supply is the count of coins in circulation
  • Volume is the amount transferred in a given period
  • Users counts the users on the network
  • Repos, DAOs, Dapps, Tokens showcases the leading applications supported by the network
  • Safety Threshold is the assumption underlying the safety property of a blockchain
  • Burnt Fees counts the amount of tokens burnt by fees

References