Internet Computer Wiki - User contributions [en]

Internet Computer wiki

2022-10-17T11:17:38Z

Emmaperetti:

==Welcome!==

This is a general source of information about the '''Internet Computer (IC)''', the world's fastest and most powerful blockchain network<ref>https://medium.com/dfinity/the-internet-computers-transaction-speed-and-finality-outpace-other-l1-blockchains-8e7d25e4b2ef</ref>. Created for and by the IC community, topics vary from cryptography, network governance, user experience, tokenomics, developer tutorials and more.

==Introduction to the Internet Computer==
The Internet Computer is a general-purpose blockchain that hosts [[canister smart contract]]s. It is designed to [[Replace traditional IT with a World Computer|provide a World Computer that can replace traditional IT]] and host a new generation of [[Web3:_The_bull_case_for_the_Internet_Computer|Web3]] services and applications that run solely from the blockchain, without the need for traditional IT. It can also play the role of Web3 orchestrator, by interacting with traditional blockchains.

It has a completely unique design that reflects a ground-up rethink of blockchain architecture and the application of modern cryptography, [https://web.archive.org/web/20150914013643/http://dfinity.io/ which can be traced back to 2015]. It was built by the largest [https://dfinity.org/team ongoing R&D effort in crypto], which has employed many notable cryptographers, computer science researchers and engineers. The blockchain underwent genesis in May 2021 and became part of the public internet.

The Internet Computer blockchain's protocols leverage novel [[chain key cryptography]] to combine multiple [[Limitless_Scaling#Subnet Architecture|subnet blockchains]] into a single blockchain. This allows it to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability#Horizontal_(scale_out)_and_vertical_scaling_(scale_up) horizontally scale] the total volume of hosted [[canister smart contract]], and their computations and data, without limit. These smart contracts run at web speed, and with web-levels of efficiency, and uniquely, thanks to the blockchain architecture enabled by chain key crypto, can process HTTP requests and directly and securely serve interactive web experiences to the end-users of web3 services, without need for trusted intermediaries (whereas on other blockchains, the web experience users interact with is generally built on centralized, insecure and trusted servers or cloud computing services).

Through these kinds of unique capabilities, the Internet Computer provides a platform that can be used to build mass market web3 services that run 100% on-chain, without any need for traditional IT, such as web servers and databases running on cloud computing services. The longer-term objective is that the Internet Computer will completely replace traditional IT, creating a ''blockchain singularity'', in which everything runs fully on-chain in powerful new forms where it is unstoppable and cannot be hacked.

The development of the Internet Computer has heralded numerous notable technological developments, such as [[chain key cryptography]] and programming languages such as [https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Motoko Motoko]. In another notable advance, the Internet Computer hosts an advanced [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralized_autonomous_organization DAO] within its protocols, called the [[Network Nervous System]], which provides the community with direct control over network governance, and can upgrade the protocol running on its network nodes, without requiring the network to fork. The network's utility token is ICP (see [[Roles of the ICP utility token]]).

A recent new technological advance has extended the Internet Computer's [[chain key cryptography]] protocols. This has enabled smart contracts hosted on the Internet Computer to directly interact with other blockchains, without need for dangerous centrally-controlled bridges or wrapping (see [[trustless multi-chain web3 using the IC]], and [[Extend Bitcoin, Ethereum and other blockchains|extending Bitcoin, Ethereum and other blockchains]]).

For example, a canister smart contract hosted on the Internet Computer can create bitcoin addresses, and directly send and receive bitcoins on the Bitcoin ledger as though it were hosted by the Bitcoin network itself. This is possible because chain key crypto enables blockchains to create public "chain keys", for which their nodes can create corresponding signatures. Recent work has now made it possible to create ECDSA chain keys. Since [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_Curve_Digital_Signature_Algorithm ECDSA] is the signature scheme used by most other blockchains, this means the Internet Computer can create TX on other blockchains.

Future work will enable its smart contracts to directly interact with other important blockchains such as [https://ethereum.org/en/ Ethereum]. This also leverages other important features such as [[HTTPS outcalls]]. As a consequence, many believe that the Internet Computer will play the role of an orchestration layer that combines different blockchains in the web3 environment, and helps combine them with off-chain services and systems, such as Web 2.0 services and enterprise systems, in a trustless way.

===Popular places to start===
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfM3I8pudFs&t=327s Internet Computer overview video from 2022 IC hackathon]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfM3I8pudFs June 2022 IC hackathon, full launch video]
* [https://dfinity.org/icig.pdf Internet Computer Infographic (PDF)]

* [[Glossary]]

===For a general audience===
* [[Internet Computer overview]]
* [[Internet Computer vision]]
* [https://dfinity.org/roadmap/ Internet Computer roadmap]

===For a more technical audience===
* [https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/087 "Internet Computer for Geeks" paper]
* The [https://dfinity.org/howitworks "How it works" series] with videos and in-depth articles on various topics.
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/dfinity/comments/ozboyi/megathread_technical_amas/ Technical AMAs on Reddit by different IC and DFINITY teams]

== Internet Identity Introduction ==
One of the core benefits of building on the Internet Computer is that end users do not need to pay fees or use tokens to access and use dapps. As an alternative to authenticating from a wallet, users can authenticate with an Internet Identity. Learn more information about Internet Identity (II), a blockchain authentication framework supported by the Internet Computer:

* [[What is Internet Identity]]
* [[How to create an Internet Identity]]
* [[Internet Identity technical overview]]
* [https://identity.ic0.app/ Internet Identity dapp]

==IC for Dapp Users ==

If you use or are interested in using dapps on the Internet Computer, this section will help you understand the user experience benefits of the IC, how to use Internet Identity, or find more IC dapps.

Examples:
* [[Introduction to the Internet Computer for dapp users]]
* [[Index of dapps on the Internet Computer]]

See more in [[Internet Computer for dapp users]]

== IC for ICP Token-holders, Stakers, and Neuron Holders==

The Internet Computer is governed by on-chain governance system called the Network Nervous System (NNS). To participate on governance, users need to stake ICP tokens. This section will explain how the NNS works, ICP tokens, staking, voting, rewards, and options for managing one's ICP.

Examples:
* [[ICP token]]
* [[Tutorials for acquiring, managing, and staking ICP]]
* [[Staking, voting and rewards]]
* [[Governance of the Internet Computer]]
* [[Network Nervous System]]
* [[Total supply, circulating supply, and staked_ICP]]
* [[NNS neuron operations related to maturity]]

See more in [[Internet_Computer_token-holders,_investors_and_neuron_holders|Internet Computer token-holders, investors, and neuron holders]].

== IC for Smart Contract and Dapp Developers ==

The Internet Computer (IC) is a new platform for executing smart contracts. This section contains information for developers, including links to documentation, developer forums, and relevant dashboards.

Examples:
* [[Canisters (dapps/smart contracts)]]
* [https://smartcontracts.org/ Developer documentation on smartcontract.org]
* [https://forum.dfinity.org/ IC community developer forum]


* [[Bitcoin integration]]
* [[SNS Tokenization Considerations]]
* [[Web Speed]]
* [[Web Serving]]
* [[Limitless Scaling]]
* [[Users interact with dapps without tokens]]
* [[Parallelism]]

If you've been programming smart contracts on Ethereum before, you should read [[The Internet Computer for Ethereum Developers]].

See more in [[Internet Computer for smart contract and dapp developers]].

== IC for the Curious, Researchers and Blockchain Enthusiasts ==

This section is for those interested in how the Internet Computer works under the hood. It touches many different subject areas from cryptography, consensus protocols, virtual machines, operating systems, networking, distributed systems, etc.

Examples:
* [https://dfinity.org/howitworks/ How the Internet Computer Works]
* [https://dashboard.internetcomputer.org/ Internet Computer dashboard]
* [[Internet Computer performance]]
* [[DFINITY Foundation]]
* [[Bitcoin integration]]
* [[Third-party security audits]]
* [[Networking]]
* [[ICP technical design documents]]

== For Node Providers ==
Node providers invest in and operate node hardware, which powers the Internet Computer with processing and storage capacity. Running these nodes in data centers provides the high performance and the cost-effectiveness of the Internet Computer. Every node provider is allowed a limited amount of nodes.
* [[Node Provider Onboarding]]
* [[IC OS Installation Runbook - Dell Poweredge]]
* [[IC OS Installation Runbook - Supermicro]]
* [[Storage Runbook]]
* [[Node rewards]]

== Technical Working Groups ==
* [[Identity & Authentication]]
* [[Developer Tooling]]
* [[Ledger & Tokenization]]
* [[Scalability & Performance]]

== FAQs, Tutorials, and How-tos==
Tutorials are guided introductions to user stories, intended for first-time users and characterized by a shallow learning curve. How-Tos are step-by-step instructions for specific, narrow goals.

===FAQs===
* [[FAQ]]

===Best Practices===
Example:
* [[Managing ICP holdings]]
* [[Managing Internet Identity]]
* [[Maximizing Voting and NNS Rewards]]
See more in [[Best Practices]]

=== Tutorials ===
Example:
* [[Tutorials for acquiring, managing, and staking ICP]]
* [[How-To: Claim neurons for seed participants]]
* [[How-To: Create an NNS motion proposal]]
* [[How-To: Set your neuron to follow another neuron]]
* [[How-To: Updating neuron following via quill]]

See more in [[How-Tos]].

==Contributing to the Wiki==

=== How to contribute ===
Anyone can read the wiki. You can also edit pages, all you need to do is [https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Special:CreateAccount create an account]. See more in [[Contributing to the wiki]].

==References==

test

Internet Computer wiki

2022-05-24T18:49:08Z

Emmaperetti:

==Welcome!==
test
This is a general source of information about the '''Internet Computer (IC)''', the world's fastest and most powerful blockchain network<ref>https://medium.com/dfinity/the-internet-computers-transaction-speed-and-finality-outpace-other-l1-blockchains-8e7d25e4b2ef</ref>. Created for and by the IC community, topics vary from cryptography, network governance, user experience, tokenomics, developer tutorials and more.

==Introduction to the Internet Computer==
The Internet computer is the fastest and most scalable general-purpose blockchain. It was launched as an open source project by [https://dfinity.org/ DFINITY] in May 2021 with the aim of realising a blockchain singularity through hosting dapps, content, and performing computation for billions of users. In building the Internet Computer there have been a number of notable technological developments in cryptography ([https://medium.com/dfinity/chain-key-technology-one-public-key-for-the-internet-computer-6a3644901e28 chain-key cryptography]), programming languages such as [https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Motoko Motoko] and others.

===Most common place to start===
* [https://dfinity.org/icig.pdf Internet Computer: Infographic]

* [[Glossary]]

===For a general audience===
* [[Internet Computer overview]]
* [[Internet Computer vision]]
* [https://dfinity.org/roadmap/ Internet Computer roadmap]

===For a more technical audience===
* [https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/087 "Internet Computer for Geeks" paper]
* The [https://dfinity.org/howitworks "How it works" series] with videos and in-depth articles on various topics.
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/dfinity/comments/ozboyi/megathread_technical_amas/ Technical AMAs on Reddit by different IC and DFINITY teams]

== Internet Identity Introduction ==
One of the core benefits of building on the Internet Computer is that end users do not need to pay fees or use tokens to access and use dapps. As an alternative to authenticating from a wallet, users can authenticate with an Internet Identity. Learn more information about Internet Identity (II), a blockchain authentication framework supported by the Internet Computer:

* [[What is Internet Identity]]
* [[How to create an Internet Identity]]
* [[Internet Identity technical overview]]
* [https://identity.ic0.app/ Create an Internet Identity]

==IC for Dapp Users ==

If you use or are interested in using dapps on the Internet Computer, this section will help you understand the user experience benefits of the IC, how to use Internet Identity, or find more IC dapps.

Examples:
* [[Introduction to the Internet Computer for dapp users]]
* [[Index of dapps on the Internet Computer]]

See more in [[Internet Computer for dapp users]]

== IC for ICP Token-holders, Stakers, and Neuron Holders==

The Internet Computer is governed by on-chain governance system called the Network Nervous System (NNS). To participate on governance, users need to stake ICP tokens. This section will explain how the NNS works, ICP tokens, staking, voting, rewards, and options for managing one's ICP.

Examples:
* [[ICP token]]
* [[Tutorials for acquiring, managing, and staking ICP]]
* [[Staking, voting and rewards]]
* [[Governance of the Internet Computer]]
* [[Network Nervous System]]
* [[Total supply, circulating supply, and staked_ICP]]

See more in [[Internet Computer token-holders, investors, and neuron holders]].

== IC for Smart Contract and Dapp Developers ==

The Internet Computer (IC) is a new platform for executing smart contracts. This section contains information for developers, including links to documentation, developer forums, and relevant dashboards.

Examples:
* [[Canisters (dapps/smart contracts)]]
* [https://smartcontracts.org/ Developer documentation on smartcontract.org]
* [https://forum.dfinity.org/ IC community developer forum]


* [[Bitcoin integration]]

See more in [[Internet Computer for smart contract and dapp developers]].

== IC for the Curious, Researchers and Blockchain Enthusiasts ==

This section is for those interested in how the Internet Computer works under the hood. It touches many different subject areas from cryptography, consensus protocols, virtual machines, operating systems, networking, distributed systems, etc.

Examples:
* [https://dfinity.org/howitworks/ How the Internet Computer Works]
* [https://dashboard.internetcomputer.org/ Internet Computer dashboard]
* [[Internet Computer performance]]
* [[DFINITY Foundation]]
* [[Bitcoin integration]]

See more in [[Internet Computer for researchers and blockchain enthusiasts]].

== For Node Providers ==
Node providers invest in and operate node hardware, which powers the Internet Computer with processing and storage capacity. Running these nodes in data centers provides the high performance and the cost-effectiveness of the Internet Computer. Every node provider is allowed a limited amount of nodes.
* [[Node Provider Onboarding]]
* [[IC OS Installation Runbook - Supermicro]]
* [[IC OS Installation Runbook - Dell Poweredge]]
* [[Node rewards]]

== Technical Working Groups ==
* [[Identity & Authentication]]
* [[Developer Tooling]]
* [[Ledger & Tokenization]]

== FAQs, Tutorials, and How-tos==
Tutorials are guided introductions to user stories, intended for first-time users and characterized by a shallow learning curve. How-Tos are step-by-step instructions for specific, narrow goals.

===FAQs===
* [[FAQ]]

===Best Practices===
Example:
* [[Managing ICP holdings]]
* [[Managing Internet Identity]]
* [[Maximizing Voting and NNS Rewards]]
See more in [[Best Practices]]

=== Tutorials ===
Example:
* [[Tutorials for acquiring, managing, and staking ICP]]
* [[How-To: Claim neurons for seed participants]]
* [[How-To: Create an NNS motion proposal]]
* [[How-To: Set your neuron to follow another neuron]]

See more in [[How-Tos]].

==Contributing to the Wiki==

=== How to contribute ===
Anyone can read the wiki. You can also edit pages, all you need to do is [https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Special:CreateAccount create an account]. See more in [[Contributing to the wiki]].

==References==

Harvesting rewards with frontend dapp

2022-05-23T17:24:55Z

Emmaperetti: Created page with "WIP"

WIP

File:Merge maturity.jpg

2022-05-23T17:18:36Z

Emmaperetti:

ICP voting with NNS frontend dapp

2022-05-23T17:04:32Z

Emmaperetti:

You can choose the proposal types and proposal topics that you see and vote on—either directly or by [[How-To:_Set_your_neuron_to_follow_another_neuron|following other neuron stakeholders—using filters in the Network Nervous System dapp]]. For example, if you want to review and vote on all proposals that involve network participants such as data center identities and node operators, but aren’t interested in viewing proposals related to the current market value of ICP, as measured by an International Monetary Fund (IMF) Special Drawing Right (SDR), you can select the Participant Management topic filter and deselect the Exchange Rate topic filter.

[[How-To:_Set_your_neuron_to_follow_another_neuron|To vote by following another neuron.]]

To manually vote on proposals:

1. Open a browser and navigate to the Network Nervous System (NNS) dapp.

2. Click Login to connect using your Internet Identity.

3. Verify your identification number, then click Login to authenticate using the device and authentication method you have registered.

4. Click Proceed to access to the Network Nervous System (NNS) dapp.

5. Click Voting.

You can click any of the proposals listed to view information about the proposal, including a brief description of the proposal, a link for viewing additional information about the proposal, the number of votes that were cast to adopt or reject the proposal, and the votes cast by your neurons.

6. Use the Topics, Reward Status, and Proposal Status filters to control the list of proposals displayed.

For example, open the Topics list to see if there are any proposal topics that you want to include in the proposal list that are not currently displayed and open the Proposal Status to verify that you are viewing all open proposals.

7. Click any Open proposal to see its details and the voting power for the neurons associated with your identity.

8. Select the neuron identifiers with voting power that you want to use to cast your vote.

9. Click Adopt or Reject to cast your vote.

For more information about maturity and spawning new neurons, see the following articles:

* [https://medium.com/dfinity/earn-substantial-voting-rewards-by-staking-in-the-network-nervous-system-7eb5cf988182 Earn Substantial Voting Rewards by Staking in the Network Nervous System]

*[https://medium.com/dfinity/understanding-the-internet-computers-network-nervous-system-neurons-and-icp-utility-tokens-730dab65cae8 Understanding the Internet Computer’s Network Nervous System, Neurons, and ICP Utility Tokens]

*[https://medium.com/dfinity/getting-started-on-the-internet-computers-network-nervous-system-app-wallet-61ecf111ea11 Getting Started on the Internet Computer’s Network Nervous System App & Wallet]

ICP voting options

2022-05-23T17:01:12Z

Emmaperetti:

Voting an in important part of ICP governance as it is is how the community controls the Internet Computer.

==NNS Rewards==

Every day the NNS mints [[NNS Rewards]] and these rewards are apportioned to those neurons who voted that day.

==Viewing Proposals==

Two most common ways of viewing proposals are:

* [https://dashboard.internetcomputer.org/governance Internet Computer Dashboard: Governance]
* '''Voting''' tab on [https://nns.ic0.app/#/accounts NNS Frontend dapp]

==How to Vote==

There are two forms of voting: manual voting and following neurons.

=== Manual Voting===
Users can vote on proposals manually by using the NNS Frontend dapp, see: [[ICP voting with NNS frontend dapp]].

===Following neurons===
A neuron can follow any neuron. See [[How-To:_Set_your_neuron_to_follow_another_neuron|instructions]]. See [[Editing following for neurons]]

==See Also==
* [[Managing ICP holdings]]
* [[ICP custody options]]
* [[ICP staking with NNS frontend dapp]]

ICP custody with NNS frontend dapp

2022-05-23T16:33:07Z

Emmaperetti:

Currently, the easiest custody option is via the NNS Frontend Dapp.

==Custody using the NNS Frontend dapp==

On a '''networked smartphone''' or '''networked computer''', do the following:

===1. Log into [https://nns.ic0.app/ NNS Frontend Dapp]===

[[File:nns-frontend-dapp-login.png|256px|nns frontend dapp login]]

===2. Log in with Internet Identity===

You can make an [https://identity.ic0.app/ Internet Identity] if you do not already have one, find instructions [[How_to_create_an_Internet_Identity|here]]

===3. Add multiple devices===

Strictly speaking, you do not need to add multiple devices, but it is highly recommended so you do not lose your ICP in case you lose your device.

===4. Send ICP to your unique account===

Within NNS Frontend dapp, navigate to the '''ICP''' tab

[[File:nns-frontend-dapp.png|512px|nns frontend dapp]]

Account should look something like this

<code>723cd441238da744a097c3a20f8f4050d8355afb46fe12a1428a63996c37d918</code>

The NNS frontend dapp is now your custody solution.

==Decisions user needs to make ==

===How do you authenticate to Internet Identity?===

[https://identity.ic0.app/ Internet Identity] does '''not''' use passwords and usernames to log in. Internet Identity takes advantage of the Web Authentication (WebAuthn) API to provide secure cryptographic authentication. This means that you authenticate by "something you have" (e.g a phone, yuibkey, etc...) instead of "something you know" (e.g. a password).

From the point of view of the user, a user would use the following methods to authenticate:

#Computers
##Yubikey (with computers with USB ports)
##Thumbprint (with computers with electronic fingerprint recognition features like [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch_ID Touch ID])
#Smartphones
##Face ID (for smartphones with facial recognition systems)
##Thumbprint (for computers with electronic fingerprint recognition features like [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch_ID Touch ID])

===2. If I lose my device, can I still use Internet Identity?===

If you have an Identity Anchor tied to only one device and you lose that one device, you will be locked out. As a best practice, we recommend [https://sdk.dfinity.org/docs/ic-identity-guide/auth-how-to.html adding multiple devices and recovery mechanisms] to each Identity Anchor.

===3. How do I add more devices to my Identity Anchor?===

To add more devices to an existing Identity Anchor, [https://sdk.dfinity.org/docs/ic-identity-guide/auth-how-to.html#_add_a_device please see the guide here].

==Features==

The dapp supports the following actions:

* Receive/send ICP
* Stake a neuron
* View neurons
* Add neurons as hotkeys
* Dissolve neurons
* Disburse neurons
* Increase dissolve delay of neurons
* View NNS proposals
* Vote on NNS proposals
* Choose neurons to follow for voting
* Connect hardware wallet such as for [[ICP custody with Ledger Nano]]

==Benefits==

* Very convenient. Entirely web-based. No need to download or install anything.
* Has all the functionality one needs for custody, staking, voting.
* This is a very common method in the ecosystem so lots of of support
* Ideal for people who want to want the easiest path to control their ICP

==Trade-offs and risks==

If you use this combination, you are accepting the following trade-offs:

* '''Risk of losing access''' - If you only have 1 device tied to your [https://identity.ic0.app/ Internet Identity], and you lose that device, you lose all access. You should add multiple devices in case one of them malfunctions. For example, if you have only one iPhone attached as a device to your Internet Identity, you are risking your ICP on that iPhone's Face Id always recognizing you. If it cannot, then you lost access to your ICP. Similarly, if you lose your phone, you would lose your ICP.

* '''Risk your devices do not support it''' - Not all devices and browsers support WebAuthn, so this option is sometimes not available.

* '''Risk of browser or NNS dapp or II being compromised'''- You are accepting the risk that the browser used (e.g. Chrome, Firefox, Explorer, Opera, Safari, Brave, etc...) or the [https://github.com/dfinity/nns-dapp community-vetted NNS Frontend dapp] or [https://medium.com/dfinity/verifying-the-internet-identity-code-a-walkthrough-c1dd7a53f883) community-vetted Internet Identity canister] are not compromised

==See Also==
* [[Managing ICP holdings]]
* [[ICP custody options]]

Staking for dummies

2022-05-23T16:24:32Z

Emmaperetti:

There are many options for staking. This is considered among the easiest way to stake.

1. Acquiring ICP: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Tutorials_for_acquiring,_managing,_and_staking_ICP#Acquire_ICP

2. Create an Internet Identity: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/How_to_create_an_Internet_Identity

2. Custody with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_custody_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

3. Staking with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_staking_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

4. Voting with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_voting_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

5. Harvesting rewards with frontend dapp: ???

[[https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Tutorials_for_acquiring,_managing,_and_staking_ICP|Go back]] to tutorials.

Staking for dummies

2022-05-23T16:13:27Z

Emmaperetti:

There are many options for staking. This is considered among the easiest way to stake.

1. Acquiring ICP: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Tutorials_for_acquiring,_managing,_and_staking_ICP#Acquire_ICP

2. Create an Internet Identity

2. Custody with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_custody_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

3. Staking with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_staking_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

4. Voting with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_voting_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

5. Harvesting rewards with frontend dapp: ???

[[https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Tutorials_for_acquiring,_managing,_and_staking_ICP|Go back]] to tutorials.

Staking for dummies

2022-05-12T15:43:26Z

Emmaperetti: added internal link back to tutorials wiki

There are many options for staking. This is considered among the easiest way to stake.

1. Acquiring ICP: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Tutorials_for_acquiring,_managing,_and_staking_ICP#Acquire_ICP

2. Custody with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_custody_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

3. Staking with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_staking_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

4. Voting with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_voting_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

5. Harvesting rewards with frontend dapp: ???

[[https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Tutorials_for_acquiring,_managing,_and_staking_ICP|Go back]] to tutorials.

ICP staking with NNS frontend dapp

2022-05-12T12:34:42Z

Emmaperetti: added internet identity tutorial link: https://smartcontracts.org/docs/current/tokenomics/identity-auth/auth-how-to/#create-an-identity-anchor

==Stake ICP utility tokens in a neuron==

After you transfer ICP utility tokens to the Network Nervous System dapp, you can use the Network Nervous System dapp to create and manage neurons, vote on proposals, and create canisters on the Internet Computer.

Neurons are required to participate in governance and earn rewards. To create a neuron, you must lock up some number of ICP utility tokens for a period of time. The minimum stake required to create a neuron is one ICP utility token. You can configure the period of time the stake is locked from six months up to a maximum of eight years.

===To stake ICP utility tokens:===

1. Open a browser and navigate to the [https://nns.ic0.app/ Network Nervous System (NNS) dapp].

2. Click Login to connect using your Internet Identity. Learn [https://smartcontracts.org/docs/current/tokenomics/identity-auth/auth-how-to/#create-an-identity-anchor here] how to create an Internet Identity.

3. Verify your identification number, then click Login to authenticate using the device and authentication method you have registered.

4. Click Proceed to access to the Network Nervous System (NNS) dapp.

5. Click Neurons, then click Stake Neuron.

6. Type the number of ICP utility tokens to stake, then click Create.

7. Set the dissolve delay for the neuron to control the length of time the stake is locked, then click Update Delay.

[[File:dissolve-delay.png|512px|dissolve delay]]

8. Click "Yes, I’m sure to confirm the lock up period", then close the window to review the newly-created neuron properties.

[[File:neuron-properties.png|512px|neuron properties]]

==What you can do after creating a neuron==

After you have locked the stake and created a neuron, you can:

* Start the dissolve delay timer by clicking Start Unlock.

* Increase the dissolve delay period by clicking Increase Dissolve Delay.

* Stop the dissolve delay after starting the unlock countdown by clicking Lockup.

* Increase the number of ICP utility tokens you have staked.

==Starting and stopping the dissolve delay==

Creating a new neuron does not automatically start the dissolve delay timer. You must explicitly start the timer countdown by clicking Start Unlock.

For example, if you set a dissolve delay of one year and want to immediately begin the countdown, you should click Start Unlock as part of the process of creating the neuron. If you change your mind and want to stop a current countdown in progress, you can click Lockup, After you click Lockup to stop the dissolve delay, you can click Start Unlock to resume the countdown without changing the existing dissolve delay period. If you want to continue a countdown already in progress but extend the lock up period, you can click Increase Dissolve Delay then select a longer dissolve delay.

==Adding ICP utility tokens to an existing neuron==

After you create a neuron, you can increase the number of ICP utility tokens you have staked in that neuron to increase your voting power and rewards. For example, if you initially stake a small number of ICP utility tokens, then decide to purchase additional tokens, you have the option to create a new neuron or "top-up" your existing neuron.

===To increase the stake in an existing neuron:===

1. Follow the steps in Stake ICP utility tokens in a neuron to stake the original neuron using the Network Nervous System (NNS) dapp.

2. Look up the transaction in the Internet Computer Association transaction dashboard to get the neuron address. You can use the account identifier for your main ICP ledger account to search for your transactions.

3. Return to the Network Nervous System (NNS) dapp, then click New Transaction.

4. Paste the neuron address from the transaction dashboard into the Destination address field, then click Continue.

5. Type the amount of ICP utility tokens you want to add to the specified neuron, then click Continue.

6. Verify the transaction details, then click Confirm and Send.

7. Verify the completed transaction, then click Close.

[[File:confirm-top-up.png|512px|confirm top up]]

8. Click the Neurons tab to see the increased stake.

==Disburse dissolved neurons into an account==

When the dissolve delay timer for a neuron reaches zero, you can disburse the neuron’s stake and transfer its locked ICP utility token balance to the ledger account you specify. After you take this step, the neuron identifier and its ledger history are permanently removed from the governance canister.

To disburse a neuron and return its ICP utility tokens:

1. Open a browser and navigate to the Network Nervous System (NNS) dapp.

2. Click Login to connect using your Internet Identity.

3. Verify your identification number, then click Login to authenticate using the device and authentication method you have registered.

4. Click Proceed to access to the Network Nervous System (NNS) dapp.

5. Click Neurons, then click Unlocked neuron that has reach the ended of its dissolve delay period.

For example:

[[File:unlocked-neuron.png|512px|unlocked neuron]]

6. Click Disburse.

7. Type an address or select an account to receive the ICP utility tokens.

[[File:confirmation|512px|confirmation]]

8. Verify the transaction information, then click Confirm and Send.

For example, check that the Destination address matches the intended address of the dev-projects linked account:

[[File:confirm-send.png|512px|confirm send]]

9. Verify the completed transaction, then click Close.

If you transferred the ICP utility tokens to one of your accounts in the Internet Computer ledger canister, you can click the ICP tab and see your new balance reflected. For example:

[[File:updated-icp.png|512px|updated icp]]

==Spawn new neurons==

As you vote on proposals—either directly or by following the votes of other neurons—the maturity associated with your neuron increases, which in turn increases the rewards you earn for participating in governance. When the maturity for a locked stake reaches a minimum threshold of one ICP, you can spawn a new neuron. The spawn operation creates a new neuron that locks a new balance of ICP on the ledger.

For example, if you have a neuron that contains 100 ICP utility tokens and it has a maturity of 10 percent, you can spawn a new neuron that contains approximately 10 new ICP tokens. For the neuron with 100 ICP tokens to reach the minimum threshold for spawning, its maturity would need to be greater than one percent.

After you spawn a new neuron from an existing neuron, the maturity for the existing neuron falls to zero.

To spawn new neurons from an existing neuron:

1. Open a browser and navigate to the Network Nervous System (NNS) dapp.

2. Click Login to connect using your Internet Identity.

3. Verify your identification number, then click Login to authenticate using the device and authentication method you have registered.

4. Click Proceed to access to the Network Nervous System (NNS) dapp.

5. Click Neurons, then click the neuron that has reached the minimum maturity required to spawn a new neuron.

6. Click Spawn Neuron.

Keep in mind that the dissolve delay for newly-spawned neurons is one day, giving you the option to collect value from the ICP utility tokens by unlocking them or to increase the dissolve delay to collect additional rewards.

For more information about maturity and spawning new neurons, see the following articles:

* [https://medium.com/dfinity/earn-substantial-voting-rewards-by-staking-in-the-network-nervous-system-7eb5cf988182 Earn Substantial Voting Rewards by Staking in the Network Nervous System]

*[https://medium.com/dfinity/understanding-the-internet-computers-network-nervous-system-neurons-and-icp-utility-tokens-730dab65cae8 Understanding the Internet Computer’s Network Nervous System, Neurons, and ICP Utility Tokens]

*[https://medium.com/dfinity/getting-started-on-the-internet-computers-network-nervous-system-app-wallet-61ecf111ea11 Getting Started on the Internet Computer’s Network Nervous System App & Wallet]

==Vote on proposals==

[[ICP voting with NNS frontend dapp]]

==Submit a proposal==

ICP custody with NNS frontend dapp

2022-05-12T12:10:53Z

Emmaperetti: added link to Internet Identity instructions: https://smartcontracts.org/docs/current/tokenomics/identity-auth/auth-how-to/

Currently, the easiest custody option is via the NNS Frontend Dapp.

==Custody using the NNS Frontend dapp==

On a '''networked smartphone''' or '''networked computer''', do the following:

===1. Log into [https://nns.ic0.app/ NNS Frontend Dapp]===

[[File:nns-frontend-dapp-login.png|256px|nns frontend dapp login]]

===2. Log in with Internet Identity===

You can make an [https://identity.ic0.app/ Internet Identity] if you do not already have one, find instructions [https://smartcontracts.org/docs/current/tokenomics/identity-auth/auth-how-to/ here]

===3. Add multiple devices===

Strictly speaking, you do not need to add multiple devices, but it is highly recommended so you do not lose your ICP in case you lose your device.

===4. Send ICP to your unique account===

Within NNS Frontend dapp, navigate to the '''ICP''' tab

[[File:nns-frontend-dapp.png|512px|nns frontend dapp]]

Account should look something like this

<code>723cd441238da744a097c3a20f8f4050d8355afb46fe12a1428a63996c37d918</code>

The NNS frontend dapp is now your custody solution.

==Decisions user needs to make ==

===How do you authenticate to Internet Identity?===

[https://identity.ic0.app/ Internet Identity] does '''not''' use passwords and usernames to log in. Internet Identity takes advantage of the Web Authentication (WebAuthn) API to provide secure cryptographic authentication. This means that you authenticate by "something you have" (e.g a phone, yuibkey, etc...) instead of "something you know" (e.g. a password).

From the point of view of the user, a user would use the following methods to authenticate:

#Computers
##Yubikey (with computers with USB ports)
##Thumbprint (with computers with electronic fingerprint recognition features like [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch_ID Touch ID])
#Smartphones
##Face ID (for smartphones with facial recognition systems)
##Thumbprint (for computers with electronic fingerprint recognition features like [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch_ID Touch ID])

===2. If I lose my device, can I still use Internet Identity?===

If you have an Identity Anchor tied to only one device and you lose that one device, you will be locked out. As a best practice, we recommend [https://sdk.dfinity.org/docs/ic-identity-guide/auth-how-to.html adding multiple devices and recovery mechanisms] to each Identity Anchor.

===3. How do I add more devices to my Identity Anchor?===

To add more devices to an existing Identity Anchor, [https://sdk.dfinity.org/docs/ic-identity-guide/auth-how-to.html#_add_a_device please see the guide here].

==Features==

The dapp supports the following actions:

* Receive/send ICP
* Stake a neuron
* View neurons
* Add neurons as hotkeys
* Dissolve neurons
* Disburse neurons
* Increase dissolve delay of neurons
* View NNS proposals
* Vote on NNS proposals
* Choose neurons to follow for voting
* Connect hardware wallet such as for [[ICP custody with Ledger Nano]]

==Benefits==

* Very convenient. Entirely web-based. No need to download or install anything.
* Has all the functionality one needs for custody, staking, voting.
* This is a very common method in the ecosystem so lots of of support
* Ideal for people who want to want the easiest path to control their ICP

==Trade-offs and risks==

If you use this combination, you are accepting the following trade-offs:

* '''Risk of losing access''' - If you only have 1 device tied to your [https://identity.ic0.app/ Internet Identity], and you lose that device, you lose all access. You should add multiple devices in case one of them malfunctions. For example, if you have only one iPhone attached as a device to your Internet Identity, you are risking your ICP on that iPhone's Face Id always recognizing you. If it cannot, then you lost access to your ICP. Similarly, if you lose your phone, you would lose your ICP.

* '''Risk your devices do not support it''' - Not all devices and browsers support WebAuthn, so this option is sometimes not available.

* '''Risk of browser or NNS dapp or II being compromised'''- You are accepting the risk that the browser used (e.g. Chrome, Firefox, Explorer, Opera, Safari, Brave, etc...) or the [https://github.com/dfinity/nns-dapp community-vetted NNS Frontend dapp] or [https://medium.com/dfinity/verifying-the-internet-identity-code-a-walkthrough-c1dd7a53f883) community-vetted Internet Identity canister] are not compromised

==See Also==
* [[Managing ICP holdings]]
* [[ICP custody options]]

Staking for dummies

2022-04-29T06:45:20Z

Emmaperetti:

There are many options for staking. This is considered among the easiest way to stake.

1. Acquiring ICP: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/Tutorials_for_acquiring,_managing,_and_staking_ICP#Acquire_ICP

2. Custody with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_custody_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

3. Staking with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_staking_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

4. Voting with NNS frontend dapp: https://wiki.internetcomputer.org/wiki/ICP_voting_with_NNS_frontend_dapp

5. Harvesting rewards with frontend dapp: ???